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The telescope of an automatic level contains an optical-mechanical compensator for setting the line of sight horizontal. In a wild automatical level the compensator is essentially a pendulum, supported by four flexed suspension tapes and carrying a prism. The movement of the pendulum is efficiently air-damped.
The compensator can be explained as follows. If the telescope is perfectly horizontal, the horizontal ray from the staff to the centre of the objective lens will pass through the telescope optics to meet the centre of the cross-hairs. Now let us assume that the telescope is tilted slightly and also that all optical parts are rigidly fixed to it. In this case, the horizontal ray from te staff would no longer reach the centre of the cross-hair but would meet the reticle above or below the horizontal hair.
The purpose of the compensator is to correct this diviation. This achieved by the pendulum with prism undergoing a controll ed tilt, in the opposite direction to that of telescope, so that the horizontal ray is always brought to the centre of the cross-hair. In others words, provided the automatic levell is roughly levelled up with the circular bubble – i.e. within the working range of the compensator - horizontal ray from the staff tj tye centre of the objective will always meet the centre of the cross-hair.
Wild automatic levels are equipped with a press button to check the functioning of the compensator. When the button is pressed, before reading the staff, the pendulum is given a slight tap and, as a result of the pendulum’s swing, to stff image appears to “move off and then float back” to its original reading. The observer in then certain that the compensator is working and that line of sight is horizontal. The press button also verifies the levelling up, because if the circular bubble is a long way from its central position the staff image will not show the correct movement on pressing the button, but the movement will be quicker and shorter due to tye pendulum reaching its stop.
In practice, the compensator will only give a horizontal line of sight in the instrument is in adjustment. Automatic levels have to be checked and adjusted in the same manner as traditional spirit levell instrument.
The levelling procedure with a automatic levell is consideratly simplefield, therefore, as it necessary to set the vertical by centering the circullar bubble. Then the telescope, which is rigidly connected to the axis, is approximately horizontal, and the observations can begin. The following 4 operations should be applied:
Using the open sights, points telescope at the staff
Bring staff image into sharp focus
Turn horizontal driwe screw for fine pointing
Read position of center horizontal hair and staff.

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The telescope of an automatic level contains an optical-mechanical compensator for setting the line of sight horizontal. In a wild automatical level the compensator is essentially a pendulum, supported by four flexed suspension tapes and carrying a prism. The movement of the pendulum is efficiently air-damped.
The compensator can be explained as follows. If the telescope is perfectly horizontal, the horizontal ray from the staff to the centre of the objective lens will pass through the telescope optics to meet the centre of the cross-hairs. Now let us assume that the telescope is tilted slightly and also that all optical parts are rigidly fixed to it. In this case, the horizontal ray from the staff would no longer reach the centre of the cross-hair but would meet the reticle above or below the horizontal hair.
The purpose of the compensator is to correct this deviation. This achieved by the pendulum with prism undergoing a controll ed tilt, in the opposite direction to that of telescope, so that the horizontal ray is always brought to the centre of the cross-hair. In others words, provided the automatic level is roughly levelled up with the circular bubble – i.e. within the working range of the compensator - horizontal ray from the staff to the centre of the objective will always meet the centre of the cross-hair.
Wild automatic levels are equipped with a press button to check the functioning of the compensator. When the button is pressed, before reading the staff, the pendulum is given a slight tap and, as a result of the pendulum’s swing, to staff image appears to “move off and then float back” to its original reading. The observer in then certain that the compensator is working and that line of sight is horizontal. The press button also verifies the levelling up, because if the circular bubble is a long way from its central position the staff image will not show the correct movement on pressing the button, but the movement will be quicker and shorter due to the pendulum reaching its stop.
In practice, the compensator will only give a horizontal line of sight in the instrument is in adjustment. Automatic levels have to be checked and adjusted in the same manner as traditional spirit level instrument.
The levelling procedure with a automatic level is consideratly simplifield, therefore, as it necessary to set the vertical by centering the circular bubble. Then the telescope, which is rigidly connected to the axis, is approximately horizontal, and the observations can begin. The following 4 operations should be applied:
Using the open sights, points telescope at the staff
Bring staff image into sharp focus
Turn horizontal drive screw for fine pointing
Read position of center horizontal hair and staff.

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The telescope of an automatic level contains an optical-mechanical compensator for setting the line of sight horizontal. In a wild automatical level the compensator is essentially a pendulum, supported by four flexed suspension tapes and carrying a prism. The movement of the pendulum is efficiently air-damped.
The compensator can be explained as follows. If the telescope is perfectly horizontal, the horizontal ray from the staff to the centre of the objective lens will pass through the telescope optics to meet the centre of the cross-hairs. Now let us assume that the telescope is tilted slightly and also that all optical parts are rigidly fixed to it. In this case, the horizontal ray from the staff would no longer reach the centre of the cross-hair but would meet the reticle above or below the horizontal hair.
The purpose of the compensator is to correct this deviation. This achieved by the pendulum with prism undergoing a control ed tilt, in the opposite direction to that of telescope, so that the horizontal ray is always brought to the centre of the cross-hair. In others words, provided the automatic level is roughly levelled up with the circular bubble – i.e. within the working range of the compensator - horizontal ray from the staff to the centre of the objective will always meet the centre of the cross-hair.
Wild automatic levels are equipped with a press button to check the functioning of the compensator. When the button is pressed, before reading the staff, the pendulum is given a slight tap and, as a result of the pendulum’s swing, to staff image appears to “move off and then float back” to its original reading. The observer in then certain that the compensator is working and that line of sight is horizontal. The press button also verifies the levelling up, because if the circular bubble is a long way from its central position the staff image will not show the correct movement on pressing the button, but the movement will be quicker and shorter due to the pendulum reaching its stop.
In practice, the compensator will only give a horizontal line of sight in the instrument is in adjustment. Automatic levels have to be checked and adjusted in the same manner as traditional spirit level instrument.
The levelling procedure with a automatic level is consideratly simplified, therefore, as it necessary to set the vertical by centering the circular bubble. Then the telescope, which is rigidly connected to the axis, is approximately horizontal, and the observations can begin. The following 4 operations should be applied:
Using the open sights, points telescope at the staff
Bring staff image into sharp focus
Turn horizontal drive screw for fine pointing
Read position of center horizontal hair and staff.